When designing installations other than southern, the best solution is to evenly distribute the installation over two slopes and to slightly oversize the size of the installation so that the actual values of the energy produced by the photovoltaics match the real needs of the farm. With such a foundation of the installation, we can also choose an inverter with a lower power, which translates into significant savings.
Ground, flat or pitched roof solar modules in the northern hemisphere will always be tilted south to maximize the amount of radiation that reaches their surface during the day. The angle at which the PV modules will be deflected depends on several factors:
- Latitude
- Period of the year in which the PV installation is to operate
- Installation space available.
In the southern part of the country, the optimal slope of the panels is about 20-40 degrees, and in the north - 30-45 degrees. However, it is worth remembering that there is no one optimal angle of inclination - it varies depending on the season. In summer, the amount of solar radiation is much greater than in winter. When we want to use electricity only in summer (e.g. in a summer house by a lake), the installation should be inclined at an angle of 10-15 degrees. To supply buildings only in winter, the angle of inclination should be 60 degrees, as shown in the figure.